英语虚拟语气的基本用法归纳【优秀7篇】
编者按：虚拟语气为了体现与陈述、疑问、祈使语气的不同，使用两种形式来标志区别，即用与平时的谓语时态、动词形式不相同的形式表现出来，其时态形式一般要往过去时间对应地移一步。下面是小编辛苦为朋友们带来的7篇《英语虚拟语气的基本用法归纳》，如果能帮助到您，差异网将不胜荣幸。
虚拟语气专项练习题解析 篇一
1.His doctor suggested that he ______ a short leave of absence.
A.will take B.would take C.take D.took
2.The job would require that ______ at 7 o'clock every morning.
A.he will be at the factory B.he be at the factory
C.he was at the factory D.he has been at the factory
3.Your advice that she ______ till next week is reasonable.
A.will wait B.is going to wait C.waits D.wait
4.The housemaster was strict.He requested that we ______ television on week nights.
A.not watch B.must not to watch
C.not be watching D.have not watched
5.It is necessary that a worker ______ his work on time.
A.accomplishes B.can accomplish
C.accomplish D.has accomplished
6.It is important that he ______ his decision before Friday.
A.will make B.makes C.make D.must make
7.You look so tired. It's time you ______ 。
A.go to sleep B.went to sleep
C.go to bed D.went to bed
8.I'd rather you ______ anything about it for the time being.
A.do B.didn't do C.don't D.didn't
9.But for water，it ______ impossible to live in the desert.
A.is B.was C.were D.wouldn't be
10、 ______ it______ for your help，I couldn't have made any progress.
A.Had;not been B.Should;not been
C.Did;not been D.Not;be
11.Long ______ the Party!
A.lives B.live C.will live D.should live
12.Mary insisted that Tom ______ her the ring back.
A.gives B.give C.given D.have given
13.My suggestion was that the meeting ______ off till next week.
A.to put B.be put
C.should put D.be putting
suggested that I ______ my homework first before watching TV.
A.did B.do C.shall do D.have done
15.He insisted that nothing ______ till he arrived.
A.must be started B.ought to be started
C.could be started D.should be started
suggests that Ann ______ the house.
A.can sell B.sells C.sell D.sold
17.It's better that he ______ it from you.
A.'ll hear B.hears C.should hear D.heard
18.It was necessary that he ______ about what had happened.
A.be told B.was told C.should tell D.tell
19.It's astonishing that she ______ sad at news that it has nothing to do with her.
A.felt B.should feel C.'ll feel D.would feel
20.It was strange that we ______ short of water in the country where it was always raining.
A.are B.be C.should be D.both B and C
21.It is strange that she ______ marry such an ugly man.
A.would B.should C.shall D.must
22.It's not right that the meeting ______ off till tomorrow.
A.must be put B.must put C.will be put D.be put
23.It was impossible that he ______ the train, for he had started out very early.
A.could have missed B.must have missed
C.should have missed D.should miss
24.It's a pity that he ______ such a good chance.
A.should miss B.should have missed C.has missed D.all the above
25.He tried to find some excuse for the debt, but I insisted that he ______ it off at once.
A.must pay B.ought to pay C.paid D.pay
Ford insisted that he ______ right, though the others didn't think so.
A.should do B.should have done C.had done D.did
27.His pale face suggested that he ______ the sad news.
A.should be told B.should have been told
C.was told D.had been told
28.He suggested that we ______ here at once.
A.should leave B.must leave C.left D.ought to leave
29.My order is that everyone ______ their own work in time.
A.must complete B.completed C.completes D.complete
30.We've made the decision that we ______ at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.
A.will gather B.are about to gather
C.would gather D.should gather
31.----I'll be waiting for you at home.
---- ______ I were busy and couldn't come?
A.What if B.What when C. How if D.How when
32.After he was praised for what he had done, he said，“I ______ even better under harder conditions. ”
A.would do B.would have done C.did D.had done
33.It has been raining for a day, but even though it ______ ， we ______ there by tomorrow.
A.hadn't rained, couldn't get B.hadn't rained, can't get
C.didn't rain, couldn't get D.didn't rain, can't get
34.We could not have succeeded ______ your help.
A.but for B.without
C.if it had not been for D.all the above
35.I dare say he is not your true friend, because a true friend ______ differently when you were in trouble.
A.acted B.had acted C.would act D.would have acted
参考答案：
1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C
6.C 7.D 8.B 9.D 10.A
11.B 12.B 13.B 14.B
15、 D insist作“要求别人做某事”解，其宾语从句用should型虚拟语气。
16、 C 这种should型虚拟语气，有时可将should省略，因此，C项的sell不能有人称变化。
17.C 本句话有“要求”的意思，故选C。
18、 A C、D为主动，在此不妥。
19、 B 选B表示了说话人带有一种十分惊讶的感情，选A项与she的人称不相一致，是错的。参见本章语法说明。
20、 D
21.B should带有感情色彩。
22.D 本句带有要求之意，故从句谓语用should型虚拟语气。D项中的should被省略。
23.C 本句带有惊讶之意，故从句须用should型虚拟语气。但由于是过去的事情所产生的惊讶，所以用should+不定式完成式。
24.D 如选A，这表达了说话人对将来的事所发出的感叹，选B则是对已经过去的事情的感叹。选C则是一个直陈语气，即说话人对此并不一定感到十分惋惜，而是对此事的陈述。
25.D insist在作“坚持要求别人做某事”时，需要用should型虚拟语气，should也可以省略。
26.C insist在作“坚持自己的观点、看法等”解时，不需要用虚拟语气，所以A、B两项用在此处不当。D项时态不准确，故也应排除。
27.D suggest作建议解时，后接了should型虚拟语气，但在本句中作“表明”解，这时不用虚拟语气，A、B两项都应排除，C项时态不当。
28.A 在本句中suggest作“建议”解，故选A。
29.D “建议”、“命令”、“要求”等动词的名词形式做主语时，其表语从句也须用should型虚拟语气，本句中的should被省略。
30.D “建议”、“命令”、“要求”等动词的名词形式做主语时，后接同位语从句时也须should型虚拟语气。
31.A What if…？常用于省略疑问句，既可以用于虚拟语气，也可用于直陈语气。本句不省略的形式为What would you do if。
32.B 本句的under引出一个非真实的条件，当然也可以是真实条件。根据上下文，应理解为与过去事实相反，故其谓语动词用would have done。
33.B even though=even if意为“即使”。它同if一样可以引出一个真实的让步从句，也可以引出一个非真实的让步从句。根据上文，even though是一个非真实的与过去事实相反的让步从句。而主句we can't get there却是一个真实的情况。
34.D
35.D 从全句的意思分析，a true friend-differently实际上是指一种假设，而when引导的从句又告诉我们，这是一个与过去事实相反的假设，故用would have acted。
if引导条件状语从句的用法 篇二
某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。如：
If you ask him,he will help you.如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
If you fail in the exam,you will let him down.如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。
If you have finished the homework,you can go home.如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。
另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。如：
If I were you,I would invite him to the party.如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。
I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。
另外你还要注意if 条件句的时态搭配
1.if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时
If he runs he’ll get there in time.如果他用跑的，他就会及时赶到那儿。
The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail.如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。
2.if从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/can
If the fog gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted.如果雾在大一些，飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。
If it stops snowing we can go out.如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。
3.if从句用一般现在时，主句用must/should
If you want to lose weight you must/should eat less bread.如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。
4.if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时
If you heat ice it turns to water.（也可用will turn）如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。
5.if从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时
If you are looking for Peter you’ll find him upstairs.如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。
6.if从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时
If you have finished dinner I’ll ask the waiter for the bill.如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账
虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法 篇三
（一）形式 注：
1、在从句中，be动词多用were的形式。在口语中，如果主语是第一、第三人称单数的话，be动词可用was，但人们总是说：If I were you.。.
2、主句中的谓语可以由would，should，could和 might这四个不同的情态动词来构成。
3、与将来事实相反的条件从句中，谓语有三种不同的形式：过去式、were +to do或should +do。 例句1：If I were you，I would study hard.我要是你的话，我就会好好学习。（与现在事实相反） 例句2：If I had studied hard，I would have passed CET-6 last semester.我要是早就好好学习的话，那么我上个学期就通过六级考试了。（与过去事实相反） 例句3：If Iwere to pass CET-6，I would treat you to dinner at KFC.我要是过了六级考试，就请你去吃肯德基。（与将来事实相反）
（二）省略/倒装 如果在虚拟从句中包含有一个助动词、情态动词、动词be或have，则可把if省略，把上类动词提到主语之前，使用倒装语序。
例句4：Had it not been for the PLA，we wouldn’t have been able to beat the flood.4要不是人民解放军，我们是无法战胜洪水的。
例句5：Were he here now，he would certainly help me.5他要是在这里肯定会帮我的忙。 注4：例句4中的从句部分出现了否定词not，如果把该句还原成正常语序，应该是： If it hadn’t been for the PLA，we wouldn’t have been able to beat the flood.
但是一旦句子发生了省略，就必须把hadn’t分开，否定词not还原，放在主语之后，不可写成Hadn’t it b
虚拟语气专项练习题解析 篇四
1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made.
A. have read B. had read
C. should have read D. are reading
2.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him.
A. come; would meet B. had come; would have met
C. come; will meet D. had come; would meet
3.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years.
A. should be B. would be
C. have been D. had been
4.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately.
A. speak B. spoke
C. will speak D. to speak
5.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time.
A. was B. Were C. has been D. had been
6.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _____.
A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hours
C. have lied there for two hours D. have lain there for two hours
7.I wish that I _____ with you last night.
A. went B. could go
C. have gone D. could have gone
8.Let’s say you could go there again, how _____ feel?
A. will you B. should you
C. would you D. do you
9.I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything.
A. knew B. knows
C. has known D. had known
10._____ the fog, we should have reached our school.
A. Because of B. In spite of
C. In case of D. But for
11.If you had told me in advance, I _____ him at the airport.
A. would meet B. would had met
C. would have met D. would have meet
12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he_____ me how.
A. teaches B. will teach
C. has taught D. would teach
13.I would have told him the answer, had it been possible, but I _____ so busy then.
A. had been B. were
C. was D. would be
14.He’s working hard for fear that he _____.
A. should fall behind B. fell behind
C. may fall behind D. would fallen behind
15.If it _____ another ten minutes, the game would have been called off.
A. had rained B. would have rained
C. have seen D. rained
16.He suggested that they _____ use a trick instead of fighting.
A. should B. would
C. do D. had
17.My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _____ there.
A. not went B. won’t go
C. not go D. not to go
18.I would have gone to the meeting if I _____ time.
A. had had B. have had
C. had D. would have had
19.Would you rather I _____ buying a new bike?
A. decided against B. will decide against
C. have decided D. shall decide against
20.You look so tired tonight. It is time you _____.
A. go to sleep B. went to sleep
C. go to bed D. went to bed
21、—Why didn’t you buy a new car?
—I would have bought one if I _____ enough money.
A. had B. have had
C. would have D. had had
22.If she could sew, _____.
A. she make a dress B. she would have made a shirt
C. she will make a shirt D. she would had made a coat
23._____ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves
24.His doctor suggested that he _____ a short trip abroad.
A. will take B. would take
C. take D. took
25.The Bakers arrived last night. If they’d only let us know earlier,_____ at the station.
A. we’d meet them B. we’ll meet them
C. we’d have met them D. we’ve met them
26.If I _____ you, I _____ more attention to English idioms and phrases.
A. was; shall pay B. am; will pay
C. would be; would pay D. were; would pay
27.We might have failed if you _____ us a helping hand.
A. have not given B. would not give
C. had not given D. did not give
28.The law requires that everyone _____ his car checked at least once a year.
A. has B. had
C. have D. will have
29.It is strange that he _____ so.
A. would say B. would speak
C. should say D. will speak
30.Had I known her name, _____
A. or does she know mine? B. and where does she live?
C. she would be beautiful. D. I would have invited her to lunch.
31.He has just arrived, but he talks as if he _____ all about that.
A. know B. knows
C. known D. knew
32.If I _____ the money, I would have bought a much bigger car.
A. possessed B. owned
C. had D. had had
33.He was very busy yesterday; otherwise, he _____ to the meeting.
A. would come B. came
C. would have come D. will come
34.The librarian insists that John _____ no more books from the library before he returns all the books he has borrowed.
A. will take B. took
C. take D. takes
35.I left very early last night, but I wish I _____ so early.
A. didn’t leave B. hadn’t left
C. haven’t left D. couldn’t leave
36.I do not have a job. I would find one but I _____ no time.
A. had B. didn’t have
C. had had D. have
37.I wish that you _____ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.
A. hadn’t B. didn’t have had
C. hadn’t had D. hadn’t have
38.He insisted that we all _____ in his office at one o’clock.
A. be B. to be
C. would be D. shall be
39.Helen couldn’t go to France after all. That’s too bad. I’m sure she would have enjoyed it if _____.
A. she’s gone B. she’ll go
C. she’d gone D. she’d go
答案：
1—5 BBDAD 6—10 DDCAD 11—15 CDCAA 16—20 ACAAD
21—25 DBCCC 26—30 DCCCD 31—35 DDCCB 36—39 DCAC
解析：
1.wish后面用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。
2、条件句表示与过去事实相反，主句用过去将来完成时，从句用过去完成时。
3.as if后面如果表示真实情况就不用虚拟。
4.It is important that是主语从句的虚拟语气，从句用sb. should do的形式。
5.as if后面是真实情况，不虚拟。
6.lain是lie的过去分词，表示“躺”。
7.could have done表示“本来可以”。
8、与将来相反的虚拟语气，主句用过去将来时。
9.as if表示不可能发生的事情时用虚拟语气。
10.but for表示“要不是……的话”，通常与虚拟语气搭配使用。
11.in advance表示“事先”，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
12.wish的宾语从句表示发生在将来的愿望用过去将来时。
13.but的并列句表示真实情况，不用虚拟语气。
14.for fear that后面的状语从句用sb. should do的形式。
15、表示与过去事实相反，主句用过去将来完成时，从句用过去完成时。
16.suggest后面的宾语从句用sb. should do的形式。
17.suggest后面的从句用sb. should do的形式，should可以省略。
18、表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。
19.would rather的宾语从句用sb. did的形式。
20.It is time后面的定语从句用sb. did的形式。
21、第一个had是过去完成时，第二个had表示“有”。
22.would have done是过去将来完成时，表示与过去相反的虚拟语气。
23、这是虚拟语气的倒装形式，把if去掉，助动词提前。
24.suggest后面的从句用sb. should do的形式，should可以省略。
25、表示与过去事实相反，主句用过去将来完成时。
26、在虚拟语气中，不管什么人称，be动词都要用were的形式。
27、表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。
后面的从句用sb. should do的形式，should可以省略。
29.It is strange that是主语从句的虚拟语气，从句用sb. should do的形式。
30.had I known是与过去相反的虚拟语气的倒装形式。
31.as if表示不可能发生的事情时用虚拟语气。
32、第一个had是过去完成时，第二个had表示“有”。
经常可以搭配虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反。
34、当insist表示“坚持认为”时不用虚拟形式。
35.wish后面用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。
36.but的并列句表示真实情况，不用虚拟语气。
37.wish后面用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。
38、当insist表示“坚持要求”时从句用虚拟形式。
39、表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。
if 条件状语从句的虚拟语气 篇五
一。基本结构
1、 与现在事实相反
If + 主语+were/ did/ were doing, 主语+should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形
强调：必须把上面的结构套用对！
2、 与过去事实相反
If + 主语+ had done, 主语 +should/would/ might/ could + have done.
强调：必须把上面的结构套用对！
3、 与将来事实相反
If + 主语 + were/ did/ were to do/ should do, 主语+ should/ would/ could/ might do
强调：必须把上面的结构套用对！
第三个结构中，从句中的were to do可能性最小，should do的可能性稍大。
二。变化
1、 错综时间条件句
所谓错综，就是结构和我们的基本结构不一致，出现了从句用与过去事实相反，而主句则为与现在事实相反或与将来事实相反。
那么，我们就分别用各自的结构即可。
If + 主语+had done, 主语 +would/should/ could/ might do
再将强调结构必须正确。
我们对比下面两个句子：
If you had studied harder then, yoursituation would have been better.
If you had studied harder then, yoursituation would be better now.
注意：在错综时间条件句中，务必有明确的表示错综的时间状语，或者通过上下文能看出是时间的不同，否则，就必须按前面的基本结构套用。
2、 含蓄条件句
假设情况并不一定用条件从句来表示，而用其他方式来表示，这就是含蓄条件句了。
用without短语，分词短语，或独立主格来表示。
Without going with you last night, I wouldhave been robbed.
=If I hadn’t gone with you last night, Iwould have been robbed.
Having known each other before, we wouldn’thave fought last night.
= If we had known each other before, wewouldn’t have fought last night.
用相当于if的其他连词表示。
But that.。.要不是
Otherwise否则
He was ill, otherwise, he would have cometo meet you.
通过上下文来判断。
I would have given you more money, but Ihad little money last month.
三。虚拟条件句中的倒装
满足如下三个条件方可倒装：
必须是非真实条件句
从句中的谓语动词有were, had,should时
倒装后，省略引导词if,
Had I a lot of money, I would buy a bighouse.
=If I had a lot of money, I would buy a bighouse.
虚拟语气专项练习题解析 篇六
1、 If I ____ where he lived， I ____ a note to him.
A. knew， would
B. had known， would have sent
C. know， would send
D. knew， would have sent
2、 If they ____ earlier than expected， they ____ here now.
A. had started， would be
B. started， might be
C. had started， would have been
D. will start， might have been
3、 I didn't know his telephone number. ____ it， I ____ then.
A. Had I known， would ring him up
B. Should I know， would have rung him up
C. If I knew; would ring him up
D. Had I known; would have rung him up
4、 Mary is ill today. If she _____， she ____ absent from school.
A. were not ill， wouldn't be
B. had been ill， wouldn't have been
C. had been ill， should have been
D. hadn't been ill， could be
5、 Were I to do it， I ________ it some other way.
A. will do B. would do C. would have done D. were to do
6、 I ________ him the answer ________ possible， but I was so busy then.
A. could tell， if it had been
B. must have told， were it
C. should have told， had it been
D. should have told， should it be
7、 Without your help， we________ so much.
A. won't achieve B. didn't achieve C. don't achieve D. wouldn't have achieved
8、 You didn't take his advice. ________ his advice， you ________ such a mistake.
A. Had you taken， wouldn't have made
B. If you had taken， would make
C. Were you lo take， shouldn't have made
D. Have you taken， won't have made
9、 We wish we ____ what you did when we were at high school.
A. did B. could have done C. have done D. should do
10、 She wishes she ____ to the theatre last night.
A. went B. would go C. had gone D. were going
11、 Tom is very short now. His mother wishes that he ________ be tall when he grows up.
A. could B. should C. would D. were able to
12、 My sister advised me that I ________ accept the invitation.
A. could B. must C. should D. might
13、 He asks that he ________ an opportunity to explain why he's refused to go there.
A. is given B. must give C. should give D. be given
14、 Do you think of Wang Fang's suggestion that he ________ Mr. Li to the party?
A. will invite B. have invited C. is invited D. invite
15、 I insisted that he ________ at once.
A. be gone B. go C. would go D. might go
16、 Li Ming insisted that he ________ anything at all.
A. hadn't stolen B. shouldn't steal C. doesn't steal D. steal
17、 It is quite natural that my coming late again ________ them very angry.
A. had made B. would make C. makes D. make
18、 He acted as if he ________ everything in the world.
A. knew B. knows C. has known D. won't know
19、 Read it aloud so that I ________ you clearly.
A. may hear B. will hear C. hear D. have heard
20、 They got up early in order that they ________ they first train.
A. caught B. will catch C. might catch D. shall catch
21、 I am sorry that he ________ in such poor health.
A. are B. shall be C. were D. should be
22、 That is a good book. You ________ it yesterday.
A. could buy B. should buy C. should have bought D. bought
23、 It is high time we ________ home.
A. will go B. would go C. have gone D. went
24、 I'd rather that you ________ home.
A. went B. have gone C. will go D. had gone
25、 If only I _________ to the lecture!
A. listen B. will listen C. am listening D. had listened
26、 —— If he_____， he ______ that food.
---- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned， would not take
B. had been warned， would not have taken
C. would be warned， had not taken
D. would have been warned， had not taken
27、 I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she _________， she would have met my brother.
A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come
28、 Without electricity， human life ________ quite different today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
29、 He ________ you more help， even though he was very busy.
A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give
30、 If city noises _______ from increasing， people _______ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.
A. are not kept， will have to
B. are not kept， have to
C. do not keep， will have to
D. do not keep， have to
31、 Mike's father， as well as his mother， insisted that he ________ home.
A. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay
32、 Mr. Smith insisted that he ________ the work all.
A. had done B. have done C. did D. so
33、 Jane would never have gone to the party ________ that Mary would come to see her.
A. has she known B. had she known C. if she know D. if she has known
34、 If you had enough money， what ________?
A. will you buy
B. would you buy
C. would you have bought
D. will you have bought
35、 If you ________ that film late last night， you wouldn't be so sleepy.
A. didn't see B. haven't seen C. wouldn't have seen D. hadn't seen
36、 Our monitor requested that ________.
A. all the clastudied more carefully the problem
B. the problem was more carefully studied
C. with great care the problem could be studied
D. all the clastudy the problem more carefully
37、 —— Would you have called her up had it been possible?
Yes, but I ________ busy doing my homework.
A. was B. were C. had been D. would be
38、 His tired face suggested that he ________ really tired after the long walk.
A. had been B. was C. be D. should be
39、 It is important that we ________.
虚拟语气的时态 篇七
一、过去式：
if 从句：had done
英语语法：虚拟语气的时态
主句：情态动词(would，could，might，should)+have done
英语语法：虚拟语气的时态
二、现在式：
if 从句：did/were
英语语法：虚拟语气的时态
主句：情态动词(would，could，might，should)+do
英语语法：虚拟语气的时态
三、将来时：
if 从句：①should/shall do
②were to do
③did/were
英语语法：虚拟语气的时态
6
主句：情态动词(would，could，might，should)+do
以上就是差异网为大家带来的7篇《英语虚拟语气的基本用法归纳》，希望可以启发您的一些写作思路。